For the source text click/tap here: Bava Metiza 100
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If someone exchanged a cow for a donkey and the owner of the cow did Meshichah on the donkey and the cow remains in his house and the owner of the cow claims that it gave birth before the Meshichah, while the owner of the donkey claims that it gave birth after the Meshichah
and so too if someone sells a maidservant and he received payment and the seller claims it gave birth before he received payment and the buyer claims it gave birth after he paid even if the buyer is certain and the seller is uncertain
the buyer must bring proof even if the cow or maidservant is not in the Reshus of the seller and it is in a swamp.
We explore the psychology-pathology behind excessive litigation.