For the source text click/tap here: Kiddushin 43
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The Mishnah had states that if a Shali'ach is instructed to kill a person the Tana Kama says that the Shali'ach is Chayav, while Shamai ha'Zaken says in the name of Chagai ha'Navi that the Meshale'ach is Chayav.
The Tana Kama holds that David was not punished for instructing Yo'av to kill Uriah ha'Chiti because he was Mored b'Malchus (insubordinate to the King).
We explore the tradition which presents two opinions: The first anonymous opinion states that the actual killer is the one responsible for the sin. Shammai’s opinion, on the other hand, points to the one who commissions the crime, like David, whom God blames for killing Uriah, even though Yoav actually stationed Uriah in the most dangerous position at the front lines of the battle.
What is the nature of the culpability for a killer for hire?