For the source text click/tap here: Sotah 33
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One of the examples presented by the Mishna (32a) of things that can be said in any language is tefilla – prayer. The Gemara simply explains that since prayer is a heartfelt request from God, a person must be able to express it in any way that he desires.
The Gemara raises an objection to this by pointing to a statement made by Rav Yehuda that a person should not pray in Aramaic, since the heavenly angels cannot understand that language; Rabbi Yoḥanan teaches that if a person prays in Aramaic, his prayers are ignored by the angels since they do not understand Aramaic.
We explore the halachot of praying in the vernacular and the approach of the Chasm Sofer.