For the source text click/tap here: Beitzah 13
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Our Daf discusses the difference between stalks of grain and legumes regarding at which point of their processing the obligation for ma’aser begins.
The Gemora raises the possibility of taking terumah on Yom Tov, if one may peel kernels, and answers that it depends on the dispute between Rebbi and Rabbi Yossi beRabbi Yehuda about the obligation to take terumah from grain brought in to eat individually.
One who has bundles of fenugreek, a type of legume that is used for seasoning, and they were tevel, (produce that one is required to separate terumah and he has not yet separated the terumah) he should crush them, calculate how many seeds they have, and then he separates terumah for the seeds.
He is not required to separate terumah for the stalks, because it is only a rabbinical requirement to separate terumah from legumes, so the Chachamim only required that one separate terumah from the seeds and not from the stalks.
We explore the halachot of borer, and the difference between wheat and barley according to food science.